Which type of assessment has answers that are visible, requiring students to recognize the correct option?

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Recognizing the correct option among visible choices is a hallmark of selected-response assessments. In this type of assessment, students see a question and a list of possible answers and simply choose the one that matches best. The emphasis is on identifying the correct option from what’s presented, not on generating the answer themselves. This contrasts with constructed-response assessments, where students must produce their own answer—such as writing a response or solving a problem without provided choices. Phonology is a domain being studied, not a type of assessment, and miscue analysis is a method for analyzing reading errors rather than a general format that uses visible options to select from.